Hot flashes, also known as hot flushes, are sudden, intense feelings of heat across your face and upper body. They result from hormonal changes that occur during perimenopause and menopause.
Hot flashes happen when falling estrogen levels disrupt your body's temperature regulating mechanism in the brain. This causes your body's thermostat to get stuck in the "on" position. Blood vessels near the skin's surface dilate rapidly, making you feel suddenly hotter.
The hallmark symptom of a hot flash is a spreading sensation of heat that begins at your head and works its way down your torso. Skin redness and flushing often accompany hot flashes too. Most hot flashes last from 30 seconds up to several minutes. You may sweat profusely and feel your heart race too.
For most women, hot flashes persist for a few years. But about 10% of women experience them for more than 15 years. Hot flashes may start to occur in the years leading up to menopause. They tend to peak in frequency and severity 1 year after your last period.
Lifestyle changes like dressing in layers, lowering the thermostat, avoiding triggers, and managing stress can provide relief. For moderate to severe hot flashes, low-dose hormone therapy or certain medications may be recommended at Renew Medical Center.